What is a chemical that minimizes changes in body fluid pH called?

A chemical that minimizes changes in body fluid pH is referred to as a buffer. Buffers work by either donating or accepting hydrogen ions (H+) in order to keep the pH within a narrow range. This is crucial in biological systems, as enzymes and other biochemical processes function optimally at specific pH levels. By maintaining a stable pH, buffers help ensure that cellular functions proceed without disruption, preventing the harmful effects of acidosis or alkalosis.

In the context of bodily fluids, such as blood or interstitial fluid, the buffer systems (like bicarbonate, phosphate, and proteins) play an essential role in homeostasis, ensuring that even when acids or bases are introduced into the system, the overall pH remains relatively constant. This adaptability is vital for overall health and the proper functioning of various physiological processes.